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急性上消化道出血抢救流程
出血原因：
AnumberofmedicationsincreasetheriskofbleedingincludingNSAIDsandSSRIs.SSRIsdoubletherateofuppergastrointestinalbleeding.[2]
TherearemanycausesforupperGIhemorrhage.Causesareusuallyanatomicallydividedintotheirlocationintheuppergastrointestinaltract.
Peopleareusuallystratifiedintohavingeithervaricealornon-varicealsourcesofupperGIhemorrhage,asthetwohavedifferenttreatmentalgorithmsandprognosis.
ThecausesforupperGIhemorrhageincludethefollowing:
Esophagealcauses(gastrorrhagia):
Esophagealvarices
Esophagitis
Esophagealcancer
Esophagealulcers
Mallory-Weisstear
Gastriccauses:
Gastriculcer
Gastriccancer
Gastritis
Gastricvarices
Gastricantralvascularectasia
Dieulafoyslesions
Duodenalcauses:
Duodenalulcer
Vascularmalformation,includingaorto-entericfistulae.Fistulaeareusuallysecondarytopriorvascularsurgeryandusuallyoccurattheproximalanastomosisatthethirdorfourthportionoftheduodenumwhereitisretroperitonealandneartheaorta.[3][4][5]
Hematobilia,orbleedingfromthebiliarytree
Hemosuccuspancreaticus,orbleedingfromthepancreaticduct
Severesuperiormesentericarterysyndrome
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